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Effect of Seed Rate and Row Spacing on Yield and Yield Component of Rainfed Lowland Rice Variety (Ediget) at Assosa, Western Ethiopia

Received: 11 January 2022     Accepted: 27 January 2022     Published: 16 February 2022
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Abstract

Rice is one the newly introduced crop in western Ethiopia (Assosa). However, the yield is far below its genetic potential. Lack of proper management practice on seed rates and row spacing are one of the problems limiting. Field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of seed rate and row spacing on yield and its traits of lowland rice The treatment consisted of seven levels of seed rate (40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, and 160 kg ha-1) and four levels of row spacing (15, 20, 25, 30cm). The experiment was laid out as a Randomized Complete Block Design in a factorial arrangement and replicated three times. From the analysis of variance, all the parameters except filled grain were not significantly affected by seed rate and row spacing. The maximum plant height (90.38cm) was observed at seed rate of 40 kg ha-1 and the lowest was observed at seed rate of 160 kg ha-1. The highest panicle length (16.77cm), tiller per plant (3.37) and filled grain (86.93) was observed at seed rate of 40 kg ha-1. Filled grain was highly significant and the highest filled grain was observed at 40 kg ha-1 (86.93) and at 15cm spacing (70.07). The highest grain yield (3.93 t ha-1) was obtained at a seed rate of 60 kg ha-1 and 20cm row spacing. The economic analysis indicated that a seed rate of 60 kg ha-1 and row spacing of 20cm is the most profitable treatment with mean net benefit of 86,110 Birrha-1. Therefore it can be concluded that a seed rate of 60 kg/ha and row spacing of 20cm is preferable and recommended for rain fed lowland rice production areas in the study areas.

Published in American Journal of Plant Biology (Volume 7, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajpb.20220701.17
Page(s) 47-51
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Rice, Edigat, Row Spacing, Seed Rate, Yield, Yield Component

References
[1] The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Ministry of Agriculture (MoA), 2010. National Rice Research and Development Strategy of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[2] CSA (Central Statistical Agency). 2012. Federal democratic republic of Ethiopia. Statistical Abstracts, Add20is Ababa: Ethiopia.
[3] Dawit Alemu. 2015. Rice in Ethiopia: Progress in Production Increase and Success Factors. 6th CARD General Meeting; Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, pp 1-22.
[4] CSA (Central Statistical Agency). 2017. Agricultural sample survey Report on area and Production of major crops. Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 1: Statistical 23 bulletin; 584.
[5] Jing, Q., Bouman, B., Van Keulen, H., Hengsdijk, H., Cao, W. and Dai, T. 2008. Disentangling the effect of environmental factors on yield and nitrogen uptake of irrigated rice in Asia. Agricultural System, 98 (3): 177-188.
[6] Martin, P., Scott, B., Edwards, J., Haskins, B. and Smith, J. 2010. Row spacing in Cereal and broad leaf crops. Mallee Sustainable Farming, 2009 Research Compendium, 147-152.
[7] Zewdineh Melkie. Effects of Row Spacing and nitrogen Fertilizer levels on Yield and Yield Components of Upland Rice varities in Pawe, North western Ethiopia. Diss. M. Sc. thesis in Agronomy, Haramaya University, Haramaya, 2017.
[8] Rao, P. U. 2012. Optimal Seed Rate for Planting One Hectare of Rice. Nuziveedu Seeds Private Limited (NSPL), Hyderabad.
[9] Rahel Tigabu and Fekadu Asfaw. 2016. Effects of Seed Rate and Row Spacing on Yieldand Yield Components of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Dalbo Awtaru Woreda, Wolaita Zone, and Southern Ethiopia. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare 6 (7): 2224-3208.
[10] Khan, M. A. J. Anwar, A. Sattar and M. A. Akhtar. 2001. Effect of seed rate on wheat yield under different sowing dates and row spacing. J. Agric. Res. 39 (3-4): 223-229.
[11] Tekle Yoseph and Wedajo Gebre. 2013. Determination of Optimum Seed Rate for Productivity of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.), at Woito, Southern Ethiopia. Agriculture, Forestry andFisheries. 3 (3), 2014. 199-202.
[12] Worku Awdie. 2008. Effects of nitrogen and seed rates on yield and yield components of bread wheat (triticum aestivum L.) in yelmana densa district, northwestern Ethiopia. M.Sc. Thesis. The School of Graduate Studies of Haramaya University. Harar, Ethiopia.
[13] Hussins, D. R. and W. L. Pan. 1993. Nitrogen efficiency components analysis: an evaluation of cropping system difference in productivity. Agron. J. 85: 898-905.
[14] Hameed, E., S. A. Wajid, A. A. Shad, J. Bakht and T. Muhammad. 2003. Effect of different planting dates, seed rates and nitrogen levels on wheat. Asian. J. Plant Sci. 2 (6): 464-474.
[15] Ijaz, A. K., J. Bakht, S. A., Wajid, N. M., Khan and I. Ullah. 2002. Effect of seed rate on the yield and yield components of wheat under irrigated conditions of Peshawar. Asian J. Plant Sci. 1: 513-515.
[16] Epplin, F. M., Allread, V. K., Solie, J. B., Peeper, T. F. and Koscelny, J. A. lW2. Economics of ultranarrow row planting for hard red winter wheat production in Oklahoma. J. Prod. Agric. 5: 427-43128.
[17] CIMMYT Economics Program, International Maize, and Wheat Improvement Center. From agronomic data to farmer recommendations: An economics training manual. No. 27. CIMMYT, 1988.
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  • APA Style

    Merga Boru, Megersa Mengasha, Adisie Dinberu. (2022). Effect of Seed Rate and Row Spacing on Yield and Yield Component of Rainfed Lowland Rice Variety (Ediget) at Assosa, Western Ethiopia. American Journal of Plant Biology, 7(1), 47-51. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpb.20220701.17

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    ACS Style

    Merga Boru; Megersa Mengasha; Adisie Dinberu. Effect of Seed Rate and Row Spacing on Yield and Yield Component of Rainfed Lowland Rice Variety (Ediget) at Assosa, Western Ethiopia. Am. J. Plant Biol. 2022, 7(1), 47-51. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpb.20220701.17

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    AMA Style

    Merga Boru, Megersa Mengasha, Adisie Dinberu. Effect of Seed Rate and Row Spacing on Yield and Yield Component of Rainfed Lowland Rice Variety (Ediget) at Assosa, Western Ethiopia. Am J Plant Biol. 2022;7(1):47-51. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpb.20220701.17

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajpb.20220701.17,
      author = {Merga Boru and Megersa Mengasha and Adisie Dinberu},
      title = {Effect of Seed Rate and Row Spacing on Yield and Yield Component of Rainfed Lowland Rice Variety (Ediget) at Assosa, Western Ethiopia},
      journal = {American Journal of Plant Biology},
      volume = {7},
      number = {1},
      pages = {47-51},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajpb.20220701.17},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpb.20220701.17},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpb.20220701.17},
      abstract = {Rice is one the newly introduced crop in western Ethiopia (Assosa). However, the yield is far below its genetic potential. Lack of proper management practice on seed rates and row spacing are one of the problems limiting. Field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of seed rate and row spacing on yield and its traits of lowland rice The treatment consisted of seven levels of seed rate (40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, and 160 kg ha-1) and four levels of row spacing (15, 20, 25, 30cm). The experiment was laid out as a Randomized Complete Block Design in a factorial arrangement and replicated three times. From the analysis of variance, all the parameters except filled grain were not significantly affected by seed rate and row spacing. The maximum plant height (90.38cm) was observed at seed rate of 40 kg ha-1 and the lowest was observed at seed rate of 160 kg ha-1. The highest panicle length (16.77cm), tiller per plant (3.37) and filled grain (86.93) was observed at seed rate of 40 kg ha-1. Filled grain was highly significant and the highest filled grain was observed at 40 kg ha-1 (86.93) and at 15cm spacing (70.07). The highest grain yield (3.93 t ha-1) was obtained at a seed rate of 60 kg ha-1 and 20cm row spacing. The economic analysis indicated that a seed rate of 60 kg ha-1 and row spacing of 20cm is the most profitable treatment with mean net benefit of 86,110 Birrha-1. Therefore it can be concluded that a seed rate of 60 kg/ha and row spacing of 20cm is preferable and recommended for rain fed lowland rice production areas in the study areas.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Effect of Seed Rate and Row Spacing on Yield and Yield Component of Rainfed Lowland Rice Variety (Ediget) at Assosa, Western Ethiopia
    AU  - Merga Boru
    AU  - Megersa Mengasha
    AU  - Adisie Dinberu
    Y1  - 2022/02/16
    PY  - 2022
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpb.20220701.17
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpb.20220701.17
    T2  - American Journal of Plant Biology
    JF  - American Journal of Plant Biology
    JO  - American Journal of Plant Biology
    SP  - 47
    EP  - 51
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2578-8337
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpb.20220701.17
    AB  - Rice is one the newly introduced crop in western Ethiopia (Assosa). However, the yield is far below its genetic potential. Lack of proper management practice on seed rates and row spacing are one of the problems limiting. Field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of seed rate and row spacing on yield and its traits of lowland rice The treatment consisted of seven levels of seed rate (40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, and 160 kg ha-1) and four levels of row spacing (15, 20, 25, 30cm). The experiment was laid out as a Randomized Complete Block Design in a factorial arrangement and replicated three times. From the analysis of variance, all the parameters except filled grain were not significantly affected by seed rate and row spacing. The maximum plant height (90.38cm) was observed at seed rate of 40 kg ha-1 and the lowest was observed at seed rate of 160 kg ha-1. The highest panicle length (16.77cm), tiller per plant (3.37) and filled grain (86.93) was observed at seed rate of 40 kg ha-1. Filled grain was highly significant and the highest filled grain was observed at 40 kg ha-1 (86.93) and at 15cm spacing (70.07). The highest grain yield (3.93 t ha-1) was obtained at a seed rate of 60 kg ha-1 and 20cm row spacing. The economic analysis indicated that a seed rate of 60 kg ha-1 and row spacing of 20cm is the most profitable treatment with mean net benefit of 86,110 Birrha-1. Therefore it can be concluded that a seed rate of 60 kg/ha and row spacing of 20cm is preferable and recommended for rain fed lowland rice production areas in the study areas.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Crop Science, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Assosa Agricultural Research Center, Assosa, Ethiopia

  • Department of Crop Science, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Assosa Agricultural Research Center, Assosa, Ethiopia

  • Department of Crop Science, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Assosa Agricultural Research Center, Assosa, Ethiopia

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